Pathology MCQs
Pathology MCQs are designed to test a student's understanding of disease mechanisms, histopathology, and clinical correlations. Questions range from general pathology to systemic diseases affecting organs like the liver, lungs, heart, and kidneys. Ideal for MDCAT, NTS, USMLE, and FCPS aspirants, these quizzes help reinforce critical concepts and bridge the gap between theory and clinical application.
Q: The primary mediator of pain in inflammation is
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Bradykinin
D) Histamine
✅ Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Bradykinin increases vascular permeability and induces pain.
Q: Hemorrhage means
A) Platelet formation
B) Blood formation
C) Loss of blood
D) Cell migration
✅ Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Hemorrhage is the escape of blood from ruptured vessels.
Q: Thrombosis results from
A) Dehydration
B) Immunity boost
C) Abnormal clot formation
D) Increased RBCs
✅ Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Thrombosis is the formation of a clot within a blood vessel that obstructs flow.
Q: Aneurysm is defined as
A) Tumor of RBCs
B) Muscle atrophy
C) Vein constriction
D) Localized arterial dilation
✅ Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Aneurysms occur when blood vessels weaken and bulge.
Q: Embolism may be caused by
A) Muscle rupture
B) Dislodged thrombus
C) Nerve compression
D) Platelet lysis
✅ Correct Answer: B
Explanation: An embolism often originates from a thrombus that travels through the bloodstream.
Q: Anaplasia is a feature of
A) Healing
B) Malignancy
C) Immunity
D) Differentiation
✅ Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Anaplasia involves the loss of cellular differentiation and is a hallmark of cancer.
Q: Giant cell formation is a typical feature of
A) Necrosis
B) Chronic inflammation
C) Coagulation
D) Acute trauma
✅ Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Chronic inflammatory responses often lead to the fusion of macrophages into multinucleated giant cells.
Q: Amyloidosis results from
A) Iron overload
B) Abnormal protein deposition
C) DNA mutation
D) Excess calcium
✅ Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Amyloidosis is characterized by extracellular deposits of misfolded protein aggregates.
Q: The earliest cellular response to hypoxia is
A) ATP depletion
B) Lipid accumulation
C) Fibrosis
D) DNA fragmentation
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Hypoxia reduces oxygen delivery, causing early ATP loss and impairing energy-dependent processes.
Q: Hypertrophy results in
A) Reduced organ mass
B) Cell number decrease
C) Increased cell size
D) Mitotic failure
✅ Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Hypertrophy is the enlargement of cells, often in response to increased workload.