Pathology MCQs
Pathology MCQs are designed to test a student's understanding of disease mechanisms, histopathology, and clinical correlations. Questions range from general pathology to systemic diseases affecting organs like the liver, lungs, heart, and kidneys. Ideal for MDCAT, NTS, USMLE, and FCPS aspirants, these quizzes help reinforce critical concepts and bridge the gap between theory and clinical application.
Q: Proliferation of fibroblasts and deposition of collagen results in
A) Fibrosis
B) Angiogenesis
C) Granulation tissue
D) Inflammation
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Fibrosis involves excessive collagen deposition by fibroblasts after tissue injury.
Q: Cause of caseous necrosis in tuberculosis
A) Ischemia
B) Coagulative necrosis
C) Chemical injury
D) Immune response to mycobacteria
✅ Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The immune system’s response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to caseous necrosis.
Q: Karyolysis indicates
A) Chromatin condensation
B) Cell proliferation
C) Nuclear fragmentation
D) Fading of nuclear basophilia
✅ Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Karyolysis refers to the loss of staining in the nucleus due to DNA degradation.
Q: A hallmark of reversible cell injury
A) Nuclear fragmentation
B) Membrane rupture
C) Mitochondrial swelling
D) Loss of lysosomes
✅ Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Mitochondrial swelling is a characteristic of reversible cell injury caused by ATP depletion.
Q: Chronic inflammation is characterized by
A) Neutrophil predominance
B) Fibrosis and tissue destruction
C) Lack of immune response
D) Short duration
✅ Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Chronic inflammation involves persistent immune response and ongoing tissue damage.
Q: Function of prostaglandins in inflammation
A) Chemotaxis
B) Pain mediation
C) Blood clotting
D) Vasoconstriction
✅ Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Prostaglandins contribute to pain and fever during inflammatory responses.
Q: Hemochromatosis involves excess deposition of
A) Iron
B) Copper
C) Lipids
D) Calcium
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Iron overload in tissues due to hereditary or secondary causes leads to hemochromatosis.
Q: Edema due to lymphatic obstruction is termed
A) Lymphedema
B) Exudate
C) Transudate
D) Effusion
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Lymphedema results from impaired lymphatic drainage causing interstitial fluid accumulation.
Q: Main component of pus
A) Dead neutrophils and bacteria
B) Fibrin
C) Red blood cells
D) Platelets
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Pus contains dead neutrophils, bacteria, and cellular debris typical of suppurative infections.
Q: Cause of liquefactive necrosis in the brain
A) Low vascularity
B) High collagen content
C) Fibrin deposits
D) Abundant enzymes and lipids
✅ Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The brain’s lipid-rich environment and hydrolytic enzymes favor liquefactive necrosis after infarction.