Pharmacology MCQs
Pharmacology MCQs help learners understand the actions, interactions, uses, and side effects of various drugs. These questions cover pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug classifications, and toxicology. Practicing them aids in mastering this crucial medical subject and performing well in exams such as MDCAT, USMLE, FCPS, and NTS.
Q: Use of lidocaine in clinical settings
A) Antifungal activity
B) Antidepressant effect
C) Local anesthesia
D) Vasoconstriction
✅ Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Lidocaine blocks sodium channels, preventing nerve impulse transmission.
Q: Class of drugs to treat hyperlipidemia
A) Statins
B) Diuretics
C) ACE inhibitors
D) Beta-blockers
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Statins lower cholesterol by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, a key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis.
Q: Therapeutic application of isoniazid
A) Leprosy
B) Fungal infection
C) Malaria
D) Tuberculosis
✅ Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Isoniazid is a first-line antitubercular drug that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis in mycobacteria.
Q: Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker used in hypertension
A) Diltiazem
B) Propranolol
C) Amlodipine
D) Verapamil
✅ Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Amlodipine causes vasodilation by inhibiting calcium influx in vascular smooth muscle.
Q: Common side effect of ACE inhibitors
A) Cough
B) Constipation
C) Sedation
D) Hypoglycemia
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: ACE inhibitors increase bradykinin levels, often leading to a persistent dry cough.
Q: Drug contraindicated in pregnancy due to teratogenicity
A) Tetracycline
B) Acetaminophen
C) Amoxicillin
D) Metoclopramide
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Tetracyclines can cause tooth discoloration and bone deformities in the fetus.
Q: Phenytoin acts by
A) Blocking calcium channels
B) Inhibiting sodium channels
C) Activating potassium channels
D) Enhancing GABA
✅ Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Phenytoin stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting sodium channels.
Q: Prodrug converted to active metabolite in body
A) Enalapril
B) Furosemide
C) Penicillin
D) Morphine
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Enalapril is metabolized in the liver to enalaprilat, its active form.
Q: Long-term use of corticosteroids may cause
A) Cushingoid features
B) Bradycardia
C) Anemia
D) Hyperkalemia
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Chronic corticosteroid therapy leads to symptoms resembling Cushing’s syndrome.
Q: Adverse effect of isoniazid
A) Peripheral neuropathy
B) Skin pigmentation
C) Optic neuritis
D) Alopecia
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Isoniazid interferes with vitamin B6 metabolism, leading to peripheral neuropathy.