Physiology MCQs
Physiology MCQs help medical and dental students master body functions across cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, digestive, endocrine, and neurophysiology systems. Ideal for MDCAT, NTS, USMLE, and FCPS, these quizzes boost retention and exam success.
Q: The normal resting membrane potential of neurons is about
A) −30 mV
B) +70 mV
C) −70 mV
D) 0 mV
✅ Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Neurons maintain a negative potential inside due to ionic gradients and membrane permeability.
Q: The blood vessel layer controlling vasoconstriction
A) Tunica adventitia
B) Endothelium
C) Tunica media
D) Tunica intima
✅ Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The tunica media contains smooth muscle that regulates vessel diameter.
Q: The region responsible for language production
A) Wernicke’s area
B) Occipital lobe
C) Temporal lobe
D) Broca’s area
✅ Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Broca’s area in the frontal lobe is involved in motor aspects of speech.
Q: The phase of the action potential when sodium channels open
A) Resting phase
B) Depolarization
C) Repolarization
D) Hyperpolarization
✅ Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Sodium influx during depolarization causes rapid upstroke in potential.
Q: Acid-base imbalance resulting from prolonged vomiting
A) Metabolic alkalosis
B) Respiratory alkalosis
C) Metabolic acidosis
D) Respiratory acidosis
✅ Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Loss of gastric acid leads to a metabolic shift toward alkalosis.